Belajar di Rumah: Soal dan Pembahasan Bahasa Inggris UNBK dan UTBK SMA

11. The main reason for the writing the passage is ….
A. A false understanding of the concept of lava formation
B. Incomplete data regarding the dangers of magma and lava
C. Confusing information regarding the nature of magma and lava
D. Lack of understanding of the characteris-tics and types of magma
E. Misconception on the information about the danger of hot lava and magma

Text 4 (Soal Prediksi UTBK 2020)

There are two basic types of glaciers, those that flow outward in all directions with little regard for any underlying terrain and those that are confined by terrain to a particular path.

The first category of glaciers includes those massive blankets that cover whole continents, appropriately called ice sheets. There must be over 50,000 square kilometers of terrestrial areas covered with ice for the glacier to qualify as an ice sheet. When portions of an ice sheet spread out over the ocean, they form ice shelves.

About 20,000 years ago the Cordilleran Ice Sheet covered nearly all the mountains in southern Alaska, western Canada, and the western United States. It was about 3 kilometers deep at its thickest point in northern Alberta. Now there are only two sheets left on Earth, those covering Greenland and Antarctica.

Any dome like body of ice that also flows out in all directions but covers less than 50,000 square kilometers is called an ice cap. Although ice caps are rare nowadays, there are a number in northeastern Canada, on Baffin Island, and on the Queen Elizabeth Islands.

The second category of glaciers includes those of a variety of shapes and sizes generally called mountain or alpine glaciers. Mountain glaciers are typically identified by the landform that controls their flow. One form of mountain glacier that resembles an ice cap in that it flows outward in several directions is called an ice field.

The difference between an ice field and an ice cap is subtle. Essentially, the flow of an ice field is somewhat controlled by surrounding terrain and thus does not have the domelike shape of a cap. There are several ice fields in the Wrangell. St. Elias, and Chugach mountains of Alaska and northern British Columbia.

Less spectacular than large ice fields are the most common types of mountain glaciers: the cirque and valley glaciers. Cirque glaciers are found in depressions in the surface of the land and have a characteristic circular shape. The ice of valley glaciers, bound by terrain, flows down valleys, curves around their corners, and falls over cliffs.

12. Paragraph preceding the text most probably discusses about…
A. How glaciers are formed
B. The brief definition of glaciers
C. The types of glaciers
D. The sites where glaciers are probably formed
E. The characteristics of glaciers

13. According to the passage, ice fields resemble ice caps in which of the following ways?
A. Their material
B. Their shape
C. Their texture
D. Their location
E. Their flow

14. It can be inferred that ice sheets are so named for which of the following reasons?
A. They are confined to mountain valleys.
B. They cover large areas of land.
C. They are thicker in some areas than in others.
D. They have a characteristic circular shape.
E. They cover large areas of ocean

15. To whom the text is probably addressed?
A. Scientists in a certain institute
B. Environmentalists
C. People living around glaciers areas
D. Students of science program
E. The readers of a scientific journal

Sumber: