Contoh Soal soal UTBK Bahasa Inggris

There are three types of drugs that cause death in the heart muscle: cocaine, amphetamines, and ecstasy. These three types of drug substances have a similar effect on the heart. They cause an increase in the catecholamine hormone which makes the heart work harder. The effect of consuming it is a sudden increase in blood pressure. As a result, the heart muscles\' demand for oxygen increases. The long-term effect of using this type of drug can damage (tie walls of the blood vessels, both the arteries and coronary arteries. This condition causes a tear in the blood vessel wall. In addition, damage to the heart muscle can interfere with the heart\'s pumping function and cause heart rhythm disturbances. The heart rates can become very fast and a cardiac arrest can happen.

Other groups of drugs that damage the heart are LSD (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide) and psilocybin, which causes hallucinations. The effect of these substances on the heart is an increase in the heart rate and blood pressure though it is not as high as that caused by cocaine or amphetamines. A rare but quite serious effect is a heart rhythm disorder in the form of tachyarrhythmia where the heart rate increases very rapidly. The next prohibited substance is morphine and its derivatives.

Besides LSD, there is morphine which is a strong antidote to pain, but excessive use of this substance will lead to addiction. The higher the dose is consumed, the greater is the effect in reducing the heart\'s performance. The fatal effects comprise, among others, shocks and cardiac arrest. Another disorder found in morphine users is pulmonary edema, which is submerged lungs that can be fatal. The last group is marijuana. In high doses, marijuana causes a decrease in blood pressure and heart rate, which can lead to fatality. The most severe condition due to marijuana are cardiac arrest and death.
(soal asli UTBK 2019)

5. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The use of narcotics an illegal drugs and its beneficial effect on its users
B. Type of narcotics n illegal drugs
C. The danger of using drugs towards human body
D. The negative impacts of using narcotics an illegal drugs towards human heart
E. Types of drugs and their effects on our health

Jawaban: D
Pembahasan
Topic teks tersebut bisa ditemukan di paragaf pertama seperti dalam kutipn berikut:..” The use of narcotics and illegal drugs does not merely have an impact on mental and behavioral disorders. Even worse, drugs damage the heart and can lead to death”,…

6. Based on the passage, the effect of using large amounts of morphine is….
A. hallucinations among the users
B. dramatic increase in heart rates
C. weakening of the hearts performance
D. trouble with the heart\'s pumping function
E. decrease in blood pressure and heart rates

Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
Informasi tersebut bisa ditemukn dari kutipan di paragraf 4 berikut:…” Besides LSD, there is morphine which is a strong antidote to pain, but excessive use of this substance will lead to addiction. The higher the dose is consumed, the greater is the effect in reducing the heart\'s performance”.. reducing the heart\'s performance = weakening of the hearts performance

7. Which conclusion is the most appropriate based on the passage?
A. The higher the dose of the drug consumed, the greater the impact on the heart\'s health.
B. Taking small amounts of drugs under prescription is allowed for medical reasons only.
C. The less drug is consumed, the healthier the condition of one\'s heart.
D. Illegal drugs of the LSD type have a fatal effect on the heart\'s health.
E. Not consuming drugs can maintain heart\'s optimum health.

Jawaban: E
Pembahasan
A. Seluruh paragraf dalam teks diatas menjelaskan tentang efek negatif mengkonsumsi narkotika terhadap kesehatan jantung. Sehingga bisa disimpulkan bahwa:..” Not consuming drugs can maintain heart\'s optimum health”..tidak mengkonsumsi zat zat terebut akan bis menjaga kondisi optimal dari kinerja jantung kita.

8. What is the author’ main reason in writing the pssge?
A. People’s miconceptions on the use and the danger of illegal drugs towards heart
B. The limited information of the danger of illegal drugs towards our heart
C. People’s misunderstanding about the danger of illegal drugs towards our heart
D. The lack of information about the types and the use of illegal drugs
E. The controversy on the use of narcotics and illegal drugs

Jawaban: B
Pembahasan
Teks diatas secara detail menjelaskan tentang “The negative impacts of using narcotics an illegal drugs towards human heart”, sehingga motivasi utama penulis adalah (menyediakan informasi) karena kurangnya /terbatasnya infomasi tentang bahaya narkoba pada kesehatan jantung= The limited information of the danger of illegal drugs towards our heart.

Text 3
Smartphones, tablets and e-readers should have an automatic \"bedtime mode\" that stops them disrupting people\'s sleep, says a leading doctor. Professor Paul Gringras argued the setting should filter out the blue light that delays the body clock and keeps people awake later into the evening. The doctor, from Evelina Children\'s Hospital in London, said every new mode 5 l was \"bluer and brighter\". He said manufacturers needed to show more \"responsibility\".

As it gets darker in the evening, the body starts to produce the sleep hormone melatonin - which helps people nod off. Certain wavelengths of light, those at the blue-green end of the spectrum, can disrupt the system.

Professor Gringras was part of a study, published in Frontiers in Public Health, analysing the light emitted by devices. It concluded there was a clear trend for new devices to be bigger, brighter, have higher levels of contrast and 10 emit more blue light. The professor of children\'s sleep medicine told the BBC News website: \"That is great for use in the day, but awful for use at night.

\"There is converging data to say if you are in front of one of these devices at night-time it could prevent you falling asleep by an extra hour. \"He said some sleep-aware apps had already been designed to reduce blue-green light emissions. And that a 15 bedtime mode could automatically filter out the blue as software such as flux already does. He said there needed to be \"more responsibility from 15 manufacturers\" and the \"key is to automate it\" Professor Gringras added: \"It is not good enough to say do less and accept this is the world we live in, they are fun devices but we do need some protection on what they do at night-time.\" (SBMPTN asli 2016)

Sumber: